Japanese Militarism
Franklin Roosevelt was
the 32nd American President who served in office from March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945. One of the important events during his presidency was the
rise of Japanese Militarism. For additional facts about world
affairs leading up to WW2 refer
Fascism, Nazism and Communism
and
Totalitarianism and the
Rise of Dictators.
Examples of Japanese Militarism
The symbol of the state and the
Emperor of Japan was Hirohito. In the 1930's the Japanese
military established almost complete control over the government of
Japan following the assassination of prime minister, Inukai
Tsuyoshi, was assassinated by right-wing Militarists. The
Militarists were anti-democratic nationalists, aggressive
expansionists who believed that Japan was destined to dominate
Eastern Asia. The Militarists assassinated political enemies,
persecuted communists and made the decision to invade Manchuria in
northern China.
● General Hideki Tojo was a
fascist, nationalist, and militarist who played a key role in
opening hostilities against China in the 1930's. Tojo rose in
power to become the Army's leading political figure and a
wartime leader of Japan’s government.
● The Japanese Guandong Army invaded Manchuria on 18
September 1931
● In November, 1936 Japan
joined Germany in signing the Anti-Comintern Pact (an
anti-communist pact) against the Soviet Union
● Other parts of China were
conquered in 1937 (the Second Sino-Japanese War)
● Japanese armed forces
succeeded in occupying almost the whole coast of China and
committed war atrocities on the Chinese population
● In December 1941, Japan
would attack the Allied powers at Pearl Harbor and several other
points throughout the Pacific -
refer to Pearl Harbor Facts
and Why did Japan
attack Pearl Harbor?
Japanese Militarism
Facts for kids
The following fact
sheet contains interesting facts and information on Japanese Militarism
for kids.
Facts
about Japanese Militarism for kids
Japanese Militarism Fact 1:
The
1924 Immigration Act prohibited Japanese immigration
into the US. Many in Japan were greatly offended by the
new law and saw these actions as provocative and
increased tensions between Japan and the United States.
Japanese Militarism Fact
2: Japan adopted
Asia-centric positions emphasizing Asian culture and
traditions, portraying the ‘ABCD Powers’
(America-British-Chinese-Dutch) as a threat to the
Japanese Empire.
Japanese Militarism Fact 3:
Japan
adopt the government system of
Totalitarianism
that asserted absolute and total control over the public and private
lives of its citizens.
Japanese Militarism Fact
4: Other countries that adopted
Totalitarian governments were the
Fascist governments in Italy and
Spain, the Nazi government of Germany and the Communist
government of the Soviet Union.
Japanese Militarism Fact
5: The effects of 1930's Great
Depression in the US had spread across the world and Japan was
plunged into a serious economic recession. Japan industries needed
to import nearly all the resources to produce goods. As the
worldwide recession hit other countries they raised their tariffs
(taxes) making the situation in Japan even worse.
Japanese Militarism Fact 6:
Many Japanese military officers
blamed the country's financial problems on corrupt
politicians and believed that the only way to get the
natural resources they needed was to take them by
seizing other territories.
Japanese Militarism Fact 7:
In November 1930,
the Prime Minister of Japan, Hamaguchi Osachi, attempted
to force the military to yield to civilian leadership
was shot by a right-wing nationalist.
Japanese Militarism Fact 8:
In September 1931,
as control started to slip away from the civilian
government, the Japanese army acted independently and
invaded the resource rich province of Manchuria in
Northern China.
Japanese Militarism Fact
9:
The Fascist General Hideki Tojo rose in
power to become the military's leading political figure and
would eventually become the
wartime leader of Japan’s government.
Japanese Militarism Fact
10: In May 1932, an
attempt by the military to assassinate Hamaguchi’s
successor failed to become a full-blown coup, but their
aggressive action against the politician ended rule by
the political parties in Japan and the military were in
control.
Continued...
Facts
about Japanese Militarism for kids
Facts
about Japanese Militarism for kids
The following fact
sheet continues with facts about Japanese Militarism for kids.
Facts
about Japanese Militarism for kids
Japanese Militarism Fact
11: The military ruled Japan and supported the
nationalist policy of expanding the Japanese Empire.
Their aim was to gain Japanese imperial domination in
the Far East with the staunch belief that Japan was
destined to rule East Asia.
Japanese Militarism Fact 12:
The military leadership in
Japan was strongly anti-democratic and anti-communist. In November, 1936 Japan
joined Germany in signing the Anti-Comintern Pact against the Soviet Union
Japanese Militarism Fact
13: In 1937 China was
subjected to further attacks. The Marco Polo Bridge
Incident of July 1937 marked the beginning of total war
between China under Chiang Kai-shek and Japan (the Second Sino-Japanese War)
Japanese Militarism Fact
14: By December 1937,
the Japanese had defeated Chinese forces at Shanghai and
seized Nanking where Japanese troops committed terrible
atrocities in what became known as the ‘Rape of Nanking’
in which an estimated 300,000 civilians were killed.
Japanese Militarism Fact 15:
Anti-Japanese feeling
strengthened in the United States, after the USS Panay, a U.S.
gunboat was sunk by Japanese aircraft in the Yangtze River outside
Nanking on 12 December 1937
Japanese Militarism Fact 16:
On September 3, 1939 Britain and France declared war on Germany.
On September 5, 1939 the United States declared its neutrality in
the war
Japanese Militarism Fact 17:
In September 1940, Japan
signed the Tripartite Pact, forming the Axis powers of Germany,
Italy, and Japan, in which the countries agreed to assist each other
if they were attacked by any additional power not yet at war with
them. The intended target of the Tripartite Pact was the United
States.
Japanese Militarism Fact 18:
In July 1941, the Japanese
military in Tokyo decided to strengthen its position in its invasion
of China by moving through Southeast Asia. and the occupation of
Indo-China colonies.
Japanese Militarism Fact 19:
Japan followed this action by
occupying Vietnam in southern Indochina that included the Cam Ranh
naval base and eight airfields, 800 miles from the Philippines,
where Americans had troops. It also put Japanese airplanes in
striking distance of Malaya and the Dutch East Indies.
Japanese Militarism Fact
20: In July 1941 United States
reacted to the occupation of Indochina by renouncing the 1911 treaty
of commerce with Japan, freezing Japanese assets, closing its ports
to Japanese trade and placing an embargo oil and gas (80% of oil in
Japan came from the US).
Japanese Militarism Fact
21: When President Roosevelt
announced the oil embargo on Japan the Japanese Military saw the
move as the perfect pretext for war.
Japanese Militarism Fact
22: On December 7, 1941 the Japanese bombed the
United States fleet at Pearl Harbor and the United States declared
war on Japan on December 8 1941.
Facts
about Japanese Militarism for kids
Japanese Militarism for kids - President Franklin Roosevelt Video
The article on
Japanese Militarism provides detailed facts and a summary of one of the important events during his presidential term in office. The following
Franklin Roosevelt video will
give you additional important facts and dates about the political events experienced by the 32nd American President whose presidency spanned from March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945.
Japanese Militarism
●
Interesting Facts about Militarism for kids and schools
●
Summary of Japanese Militarism in US history
●
Militarism in Japan - important, key
events
●
Franklin Roosevelt
Presidency from March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945
●
Fast, fun facts about Militarism in Japan
●
Foreign & Domestic
policies of President Franklin Roosevelt
● Franklin Roosevelt Presidency and
Japanese Militarism for schools,
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