
The 1921 Washington Conference
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1921 Washington Conference Facts: Fast Fact Sheet
Fast, fun facts and Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's)
about the 1921 Washington Conference
for kids.
What was the Washington Conference of 1921? The
1921 Washington Conference was a military
conference called by United States President
Warren G. Harding that resulted in three
major treaties: the Four-Power Treaty,
Five-Power Treaty and the Nine-Power Treaty.
What date was the 1921 Washington Conference? The
start date was 12 November 1921 and the end
date was 6 February 1922
What was the goal of the Washington
Conference?
The goal of the Washington Conference was to
end a post-WW1 naval arms race and stabilize
power relationships in the Pacific
What were the accomplishments of the
Washington Conference?
The accomplishments of the Washington Conference
were far reaching agreements on naval
armaments to slow down the naval arms race.
1921 Washington Conference
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Facts
about the 1921 Washington Conference for kids
1921 Washington Conference Fact 1:
Despite the terrible experiences and
economic hardships caused by WW1 (28 July, 1914 - 11
November, 1918) the major powers in Europe were involved
in a naval arms race.
1921 Washington Conference Fact
2: The United States of America
intervened by arranging the Washington Conference.
President Warren Harding called an international
disarmament meeting inviting representatives from eight
major countries of Great Britain, Italy, France, the
Netherlands, Portugal, Belgium, China and Japan.
1921 Washington Conference Fact 3:
The lengthy talks were held
between 12 November 1921 and 6 February 1922 to discuss disarmament
and slow down the arms race.
1921 Washington Conference Fact 4:
The United States Secretary of State,
Charles Evan Hughes (1962-1948) served as chairman of the Washington
Conference.
1921 Washington Conference Fact 5:
In his address to the delegates
he proposed a ten year moratorium (pause) on the construction of
large new warships. Charles Evan Hughes went on to propose a list of
existing battleships in each of the attending countries that should
be destroyed - starting with American warships.
1921 Washington Conference Fact 6:
The delegates were highly motivated
by the opening address and went on to discuss
disarmaments and produced three agreements, or
pacts, in an effort to slow down the arms race and
reduce the risk of future wars - the Four-Power
Treaty, the Five-Power Treaty and the Nine-Power Treaty.
1921 Washington Conference Fact 7:
Four-Power Treaty: Summary of
the Washington Conference Four-Power Naval Treaty:
● Signed by United States,
Great Britain, France and Japan
● Terms: The 4 countries agreed
to respect the each others territory in the Pacific
and, if there were future disagreements, to enter
into open negotiations
● Weakness: Mutual defense
agreements were unspecified
1921 Washington Conference Fact 8:
Five-Power Naval Limitation
Treaty: Summary of the Five-Power Naval Limitation
Treaty:
● Signed by United States,
Great Britain, France, Japan and Italy
● Terms: The 5 countries agreed
to freeze naval production at 1921 levels and halt
the production of large battleships. The pact
further agreed that Great Britain and the United
States would not build new naval bases in the
western Pacific
● Weakness: No restrictions
were made on the construction of smaller naval
vessels such as submarines and destroyers. No
restrictions were put in place in relation to ground
forces
1921 Washington Conference Fact
9: Nine-Power
Treaty: Summary of the Nine-Power Naval Treaty:
● Signed by United States,
Great Britain, France, Netherlands, Portugal, Italy,
Belgium, Japan and China
● Terms: The 9 countries
guaranteed China's independence and agreed to a
reassertion of the "Open Door Policy" to preserve
equal, commercial rights to trade with China
● Weakness: Terms for enforcing
the "Open Door Policy" were unspecified
1921 Washington Conference Fact
10: The major weakness of the Washington
Conference was that it did nothing to limit land forces.
1921 Washington Conference Fact 11:
Japan was discontent because the Japanese were
required to maintain a smaller navy
than either Great Britain or the United States.
1921 Washington Conference Fact 12:
Despite the weaknesses, the Washington Conference
was hailed as a great success and this led to a treaty to ban war
and settling any and all disputes by peaceful means. The treaty was
known as the Kellogg-Briand Pact. The Kellogg-Briand Pact, was
ratified by 62 nations on August 27, 1928
Facts
about the 1921 Washington Conference for kids
Additional Facts
and Information
For visitors interested in the history and foreign
policy in the 1920's refer to the following articles:
1921 Washington Conference for kids - President Warren Harding Video
The article on the 1921 Washington Conference provides detailed facts and a summary of one of the important events during his presidential term in office. The following
Warren Harding video will
give you additional important facts and dates about the political events experienced by the 29th American President whose presidency spanned from March 4, 1921 to August 2, 1923.
1921 Washington Conference
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