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1921 Emergency Quota Act Cartoon
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Emergency Quota Act
Facts for kids: Fast Fact Sheet
Fast, fun facts and Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's)
about the
Emergency Quota Act for kids.
What was the Emergency Quota Act? The
Emergency Quota Act was a law signed by
President Harding to restrict the levels of
immigration to the United States by
establishing a temporary quota system.
Why was the Emergency Quota Act passed?
The Emergency Quota Act was passed
restricting immigration following many
events in the United States that provoked
anti-immigration hysteria including the 1919
recession and high unemployment, civil
unrest, the Red
Scare and the policy of Isolation adopted by
the US Government.
Why was the Emergency Quota Act
important?
Designed as a purely temporary measure
Emergency Quota Act it determined entry to
the US by ethnic identity and national
origin. The use of such a National Origins
Formula continued until 1965.
When was the Emergency Quota Act passed?
The Emergency Quota Act was passed on May
19, 1921
1921 Emergency Quota Act
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Facts
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1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
1: Background History: The rise in
Nativism in America
had led to the
Immigration Act of
1907 and the establishment of the
Dillingham
Commission
in response to growing political concern about the
effects of immigration in the US. The role of the
Commission was to report on the social, cultural,
physical, economic, and moral welfare of the nation.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
2: Background History: The subsequent, damning
Dillingham Commission Report discriminated between
Old and
New Immigration concluded that the "New Immigrants"
were "inferior, uneducated and posed a serious threat to American
society" and recommended that immigration to America should be
restricted.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
3: Background History: Following WW1 (28
July, 1914 - 11 November, 1918), the policy of
Isolationism was
evident in the measures taken by the Federal Government
to limit and control immigration.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 4:
Background History: Between 1901 and 1920
14,531,197 immigrants had arrived in America, and the majority were
classified as 'New Immigrants' from southern and eastern Europe were accused of
bringing radical socialist and communist ideas into
America and were blamed for the outbreak of strikes,
riots, violence and civil
unrest that erupted in 1919.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
5: Background History: The
Red Scare (1917-1920)
added to the anti-immigration hysteria with the fear of communists
and anarchists, especially after bombings in the homeland such as
the
1920
Wall Street bombing. 1901
- 1920 a total of 14,531,197 immigrants had arrived in the US.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
6: Background History: Big Business, once so keen to
promote immigration as a source of cheap labor, feared new
immigrants as radicals and joined in the cries to "Keep America
American"
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
7: Background History: The "Keep America
American" slogan was also taken up during the
Resurgence of the Ku Klux
Klan and
targeted the 'New Immigrants', Asians, Jews, Catholics,
Asians and any radical "un-American" groups.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
8: All of the above events, and the
post-war recession, high unemployment and the influence
of the
Eugenics Movement
(Pseudo-Scientific Racism) took their toll on the
American people. In 1921 President Harding signed the
Emergency Quota Act to establish a temporary
system to limit immigration.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
9: The act was sponsored by Albert
Johnson (1869-1957), the Republican Representative from
Washington. The law was passed in the U.S. House of
Representatives and the U.S. Senate.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
10: The 1921 Emergency Quota Act (or
percentage laws) used of quota system to establish
limits and restricted the number of immigrants from a
given country
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
11: According to the act 3% of the number
of residents from that same country living in the United
States based on the 1910 U.S. Census could be admitted
in a single year.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 12:
The 1921 Emergency Quota Act restricted the number of
immigrants to the United States to 357,000 people per year.
Continued...
Facts
about the 1921 Emergency Quota Act for kids
Facts
about the 1921 Emergency Quota Act for kids
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about 1921 Emergency Quota Act for kids
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 13:
Exceptions: The provisions of
Emergency Quota Act were not applicable to:
● Government officials and
their families
● Tourists and temporary
workers
● Immigrants from western
hemisphere
● Children of U.S. citizens
● Any country with bilateral
agreements with the United States on immigration.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 14:
Impact: Based on the use of the quota system
formula, the number of immigrants admitted to the United States fell
from 805,228 in 1920, to 309,556 in 1921.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 15:
Impact: In theory the Emergency Quota
Act restricted the immigrants from all countries - but
in practice it heavily discriminated against the people
categorized as 'New Immigrants' from southern and
eastern Europe.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 16:
Impact: By the passing of this law
admission to the United States of America was determined
by ethnic identity and national origin.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 17:
Impact: The law meant that more
people of Northern Europe, who had similar cultures to
that of America, were likely to be admitted to the
United States
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 18:
Impact: The law was intended to be a
temporary measure, in force until June 30, 1922. In
1922, the act was renewed for another two years.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact 19:
The
1924 National
Origins Act made immigration restriction a permanent
US government policy. The
National Origins Formula was an American system of
immigration quotas, between 1921 and 1965, which
restricted immigration on the basis of existing
proportions of the population.
1921 Emergency Quota Act Fact
20: The use of such a National Origins
Formula continued until 1965 when the Immigration and
Nationality Act established the current immigration
quota system.
Facts
about 1921 Emergency Quota Act for kids
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1921 Emergency Quota Act:
For visitors interested in the history of
Immigration refer to the following articles:
1921 Emergency Quota Act - President Warren Harding Video
The article on the 1921 Emergency Quota Act provides detailed facts and a summary of one of the important events during his presidential term in office. The following
Warren Harding video will
give you additional important facts and dates about the political events experienced by the 29th American President whose presidency spanned from March 4, 1921 to August 2, 1923.
1921 Emergency Quota Act
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